What is MVC with real-world example

MVC stands for Model-View-Controller. It is the design pattern that is used to build the applications, and it separates an application into three main components: the model, the view, and the controller.

The Model represents the data and the business logic of the application. It is responsible for handling the data, performing any necessary calculations, and making sure the data is valid. The Model is independent of the user interface and can be reused in different contexts.

The View is responsible for displaying the data to the user and handling user input. It is the visual representation of the data and is typically in the form of a graphical user interface (GUI). The View is also independent of the data management and can be reused in different contexts.

The Controller acts as a mediator between the Model and the View. It receives user input from the View and updates the Model accordingly. It also receives updates from the Model and updates the View accordingly. The Controller is responsible for managing the flow of data between the Model and the View, making sure the data is consistent and valid.

As an example, when a user visits the homepage of the e-commerce website, the controller would retrieve a list of featured products from the model, and use that information to update the view, which would then display the featured products to the user. When the user clicks on a product, the controller would retrieve more information about the product from the model, and update the view to show the product details. When the user adds a product to their cart, the controller would update the cart information in the model, and update the view to reflect the changes.

Advantages of MVC:

• MVC allows for a clear separation of the user interface, data model, and control logic, and makes it easier to understand and maintain the codebase.
• The model and controller can reuse in other projects or with different views, making it easier to build new features or applications.
• It allows different developers to work on different parts of the application simultaneously and makes it easier to update or modify the codebase.
• It is easy to test and debug the codebase because the different components are separated and can be tested independently.

Disadvantages of MVC include:

• The MVC pattern can add complexity to an application.
• Developers need to know multiple technologies in order to understand and use MVC.